Ancient Egyptian Art And Art Essay - 1655 Words

Ancient Egyptian sculpture was influential for the time and as well as today through many methods including various sculpture and pottery ranging from colossal obelisks to tiny pieces of pottery. Egyptian developments in sculpture and pottery show aspects of religion, the spreading of their culture, and advanced design. Egyptian sculptures was influenced by their religion through many methods. One of these methods were the obelisks, there happened to be specific rules for them as they were after all designed for the kings or queens of that time. According to Encyclopedia britannica an obelisk hasâ€Å"All four sides of the obelisk’s shaft are embellished with hieroglyphs that characteristically include religious dedications, usually to the sun god, and commemorations of the rulers.†-(Obelisk). The obelisk was one of the main forms that the people connected with their gods and the amazing craftsmanship that went into the design of the statue. Also, as the pharaohs were classified as â€Å"gods among men†, the sculptures dedicated to them were believed to hold special power towards those pharaohs, especially during the time of the Old Kingdom. â€Å"Throughout Egyptian history, the statuary of royals has had a firm funerary grounding. This is definitely true for the Old Kingdom, as it was still strongly believed the statute could hold divine power†-(Royal Statuary through Old and Middle Kingdom Egypt) This also shows the worship around objects being that there was a possibility ofShow MoreRelatedAncient Egyptian Art And Art907 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egyptian art is painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts constructed by the civilization of ancient Egypt in the lower Nile River from 3000 BC. Ancient Egyptian artist tried to idealize the universe, not as it actually existed, but more enduring and lasting symbols. They tended to portray life and people as they wished them to be and not how they actually are. The artist fol lowed certain rules or styles that made it unique and unmistakable. Most of the art was influenced by religionRead MoreAncient Egyptian Art : The Art Of Ancient Egypt883 Words   |  4 PagesThe people of Ancient Egypt believed in the afterlife, and therefore it is no surprise that most of the art that survived from that time is connected to the dead—especially the popular figures such as the pharaohs. The early Egyptian paintings were very basic and were painted in rocks that portrayed everyday life objects. The pharaohs were like the gods of the earth which is why the Egyptians often represented the gods and the pharaohs with very similar features in some of the artwork. Even thoughRead MoreAncient Egyptian Art And Sculpture1259 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different art styles around the world that developed in various ways. Ancient Egyptian art is around 5 thousand years old, and it is a major contributor to late Mesolithic Art. It arose and took place in the Nil e Valley. Ancient Egyptian art attained a high level in sculpture and painting, and was extremely stylized and symbolic. Most of the Egyptian sculptures that have been well-preserved were initially made for temples and/or tombs. All Egyptian art and sculpture was based on theRead More Ancient Egyptian Art Essay653 Words   |  3 Pages To understand ancient Egypt, one must understand ancient Egyptian art. Studying ancient Egyptian art, one can understand how they lived, worked and what they believed in including religion. The ancient Egyptians also believed in the afterlife so tomb painting, was also an important part of ancient Egyptian art.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ancient Egyptians made their paintbrushes from either coarse palm leaves or knotted rope that was beaten at one end to form stiff bristles. Paint was made from finely groundRead MoreAncient Egypt : Ancient Egyptian Art1308 Words   |  6 Pages Religious Architechture in ancient Egypt Egyptian art has journeyed through the centuries as one of the most influential phenomenon in human civilization. From the Greeks to the Romans to the people of today, Egyptians and their beautiful representations in art and architecture have proven a legacy in the creations of certain landmarks, statues, and even advertisements. The Greeks derived many of their statues from Egyptian sculptures, such as the Kouros 600 B.C. The RomanRead MoreThe Egyptian Art And The Ancient World1353 Words   |  6 PagesEgyptian art has influenced upcoming art in the ancient world. What really brought influence into ancient art were the statues the Egyptians created. The Egyptians made statues mostly for the pharaoh, but we will also discuss how statues were a huge religious part of mummification. The Egyptians defined statues has living images and were made for the ka—the soul of a person—in order to receive offerings in their tomb. This started an expansion of small statues and h ad many reliefs created forRead MoreThe Reign Of Ancient Egyptian Art Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Egyptian art is amongst the most well known, with long lasting styles in history. Thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians created magnificent havens for the divine beings they revered and monumental pyramids for the remains of their rulers. The Egyptians considered their ruler to to be both mortal and divine with great spiritual power. Out of all the works commissioned over three centuries of Egyptian rule, may of them were dedicated to their kings, to honor their lives in the formsRead MoreThe Discovery Of Ancient Egyptian Art1285 Words   |  6 Pageshis tomb is that, Nebamun was a nobleman during the new kingdom. And to understand Ancient Egyptian art it must be viewed from the point of Ancient Egyptians noblemen. My goal of this essay is to tell my readers what mean the frescoes in the Tomb of Nebamun and how two of the frescoes found in the Tomb of Nebamun: †Å"hunting birds† and â€Å"Female musicians and dancers entertaining guests at a meal† tell us about Egyptian daily life. To achieve this goal, I have organized this paper into sections. The firstRead MoreThe Museum Of Ancient Egyptian Art1427 Words   |  6 PagesMuseum of Ancient Egyptian Art collections, including artifacts and objects relating to the different periods of ancient Egyptian history, starting from the prehistoric period until the Greek roman period. The museum maintains an information system consisting of all the records pertaining to the museum’s collection. The principle components of this system are as following: 1. Board of Trustees Records: The Board of Trustees Records reflect the activities of Museum of the Ancient Egyptian Art Board.Read MoreAncient Egyptian Art : Ancient Egypt776 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egyptian is one of the oldest countries in the world. It is divided into three kingdoms Old, Middle, and New. Today I will be discussing the beautiful Queen Nefertiti and her kingdom. She comes from the New Kingdom. Her name means the beautiful women has come and her husband who was Pharaoh Akhenaten ruled during the 14 century B.C. Artwork from the day depicts the couple in an unusually naturalistic and individualistic style, more so than from earlier eras. Ancient Egyptian

The Evolution of Management Theory - 3465 Words

INTRODUCTION - THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THEORY During the industrial revolution that took place in Western Europe and North America in the 18th century; various machines were built and the economy which was based on manual labor was replaced by machines. Then factories of large scale in the garment sector, automobile sector etc emerged rapidly and the need to increase organizational efficiency and effectiveness has guided the evolution of management theory till today. Managers, theorists, researcher searched for way of how to utilize their resources to the maximum and thereby attain efficiency and effectiveness. PRE-CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT THOUGHT In the pre-classical era, that is during the emerge of various mass production factories†¦show more content†¦_Example:_ Ford Motor Companys first moving assembly line was located in Highland Park, Michigan in 1913. Above, the exterior of the Ford building was used for lowering the auto body on the chassis. Ford Motor Company was one of the first manufacturing plants to use assembly lines to mass produce look alike automobiles. The process allowed Henry Ford to keep prices down and better control the quality of the automobile. ï ¿ ½ ADMINISTRATIVE APPROACH OF MANAGEMENT Administrative management focuses on management and operation of the total organization. The administrative theorists looked for the best way to combine jobs and people into an efficient organization. One administrative theorist whose ideas stand out is Henri Fayol. Fayol divided management into five activities: _planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling_. At the heart of his theory was the use of foresight (planning). He advocated both long-range planning and participation by man agers. Within the group of five major activities, Fayol developed a list of basic management principles for achieving a good organization. These principles are summarized as below. _DIVISION OF WORK._ The intent of division of work is to produce more and better work for the same effort. Specialization is the most efficient way to use human effort. _AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY._ Authority is the right to give orders and obtain obedience, and responsibility is a corollaryShow MoreRelatedEvolution Of Management Theory And Management Theories2135 Words   |  9 PagesEvolution of Management Theory Jamal Roberts Pasco Hernando State College Evolution of Management Theory In reality, every person in a management position handles the way that they do their job differently. Management is one of the most important parts of an organization, if not the most important. However, the development of management in organizations has changed dramatically from the late eighteenth century to now. In the eighteenth century, managers relied on power and setting strictRead MoreThe Evolution Of Management Theory1153 Words   |  5 PagesDetailed Summary Management theory constantly evolves when there are new ideas or when there is and intention of attempts of transforming the theory. Hence this theory can also be called as the â€Å"condensed theory† To know the history of the management theory is the fundamental task (Sarshar, 2002). The evolution of management began after the industrial revolution had occurred in Europe and America, which was in the end of the 19th century. During the evolution of the management theory, there were manyRead MoreThe Evolution Of Management Theory1026 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The evolution of management has been changed many times since the early 1900’s. Many different management theories have been developed, the external factor also changing at the same time, such as the technology and the nature of career. The main theories include classical theory, neoclassical theory, modern systems theory, contingency (or decision) theory, and chaos theory. In the earliest management theories, efficiency was thought to be the most important. However, in today’s workplace;Read MoreEvolution of Management Theory3422 Words   |  14 PagesABSTRACT In this paper, we examine how management theory concerning appropriate management practices has evolved in modern times, and look at the central concerns that have guided its development. First, we examine the so-called classical management theories that emerged around the turn of the twentieth century. These include scientific management, which focuses on matching people and tasks to maximize efficiency; and administrative management, which focuses on identifying the principles that willRead MoreThe Evolution Of Management Theory2071 Words   |  9 PagesThe Evolution of Management. Management theory has evolved over the years going from business ran somewhat like a family to a heavily structured bureaucracy. the individuals discussed below FINSIH HERE According to Wren Bedeian (2009), the theory of management contributed to heavily by two individuals. Henri Fayol, a French engineer manager, and Max Weber a German sociologist economist. Both men are praised for their ideas which have influenced many generations of managers, scholars and continueRead MoreEvolution of Management Theory3679 Words   |  15 Pagescontinuously relied on group effort, and as many organized groups have become large, the task of managers has been increasing in importance and complexity. Henceforth, managerial theory has become crucial in the way managers manage complex organizations. It has to be unequivocally emphasized that managers who mix management theories in their day-to-day practice, have better chances of managing their organizations more efficiently and effectively to achieve both individual and organizational objectives.Read MoreEvolution of Management Theory3435 Words   |  14 PagesManagement Science I Prof. M.Thenmozhi Indian Institute of Technology Madras EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THEORY Dr.M. Thenmozhi Professor Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600 036 E-mail: mtm@iitm.ac.in Management Science I Prof. M.Thenmozhi Indian Institute of Technology Madras †¢ Early management theory consisted of numerous attempts at getting to know these newcomers to industrial life at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth centuryRead MoreThe Evolution of Management Practices and Theories Essay2306 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction With the rapid change of the world, thought of management, theory and practise keeps on changing. It has been transformed through innovation. Taking into consideration the uncertainty surrounding the construction industry, it is essential paying attention to how people work within an organisation that has set goals that needs to be achieved. To be able to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to understand management relating issues such as culture, motivation, leadership and issuesRead MoreEvolution Of Management : Theory X And Y, And Theory Z1811 Words   |  8 Pages Evolution of Management Blake Schwengler Tarleton State University â€Æ' Abstract We will examine the evolution of management beginning with the timeframe of the industrial revolution thru today’s management. Management theories included in this time contains the Human Relations/ Behavioral School of Management, Classical School of Management, Contingency Approach, the Scientific Approach, Theory X and Y, and Theory Z. The present style and classical style of management will be compared and contrastedRead MoreEvolution And Development Of Contemporary Management Theory2687 Words   |  11 PagesManagement revolutionized by the â€Å"man who invented management†, a writer, consultant, and professor. Known as the â€Å"godfather of management theory and practise† Peter F (Bloomberg L.P 2014), Drucker influenced many people with his management theory and business concepts. Professor Peter Drucker (1909 – 2005) was a leading academic researcher, author, and expert who had a prominent and significant influence on the evolution and developme nt of contemporary management theory throughout the second half

Vaccine Against Human Papilloma Neurology

Question: Describe about the Vaccine Against Human Papilloma of Neurology? Answer: Introduction Cancer can be defined as that condition of the human body in which the body cells grow in an unusual fashion. Researchers have long been conducting studies to find such a way that would be helpful in combating the effects of cancer on the human body. In this paper, an analysis and evaluation of such a research study has been highlighted and a proposal have been furnished for a new research. Analysis and Evaluation of a Research Study Vaccination against Human papilloma virus At present time, there are two such prophylactic human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines which are available commercially in various countries. A tetravalent vaccine is available which comprises of four different VPH types: type 6, type 11 type 16, and type 18, which are distributed through the national cancer program in the state of Colombia. The very same program also provides the bivalent version of the vaccine which is comprised of the VPH of types 16 and types 18, respectively (C Reina and Muoz). The human papilloma virus of types 16 and type 18 are by themselves accountable for as much as 70% of all the cases of cervical cancer which are reported, mostly that of vulva, penis, anus, vagina and about one third of the reported oropharyngeal cancer (Bomprezzi and Wildemann). The human papilloma virus of types 6 and types 11 are by themselves responsible for as much as 90% of all the cases of genital warts and/ or condylomas which are reported and a huge percentage of the laryngeal papillomatosis that occurs recurrently. Clinical trials have been conducted in controlled environment in about 30 countries: with a target group of around 40,000 adolescents and/ or young women who had been vaccinated previously. Analysis How large or complete was the study? The study was conducted in 30 countries with a subject group of around 40, 000 adolescent and/ or young female population. How much data did they collect? Data regarding the vaccination of 40,000 female subjects were collected. Over what period of time did they collect it? The study was conducted for a period of 4 years. Where was the study conducted? The study was conducted in 30 countries all over the world, including the USA, Denmark and Sweden. Who or what was the focus of the study (e.g. describe the group of people, plants or animals)? The study focused on adolescent and young females. Who conducted the study? Did a group sponsor the study who had an interest in the outcome? If so, what was that interest? The studies were conducted by various groups of independent researchers. Was there an appropriate control group? If not, why not, and, if so, how so? Since the researches were conducted all over the world in a simultaneous process, no single control group had the authority of the entire process. Each research was conducted under the supervision of an individual control group. How did they analyze the data to reach their conclusion? The data set that was collected over a period of 4 years were analyzed by each individual group: the results indicated in this paper is a cumulative response to the experiment conducted. Evaluation The results indicate that both the vaccines which have been produced through rigorous experimentation and testing, are safe and are able to prevent the human papilloma virus which causes cervical cancer in human (Kang et al.). The researches have indicated that the results of their study clearly showed that both vaccines are safe and prevent cervix cancer in human with 100 percent efficiency (Natan et al.). Research proposal The research question Extensive researches have already been conducted on the efficiency of vaccination on human papilloma virus. The positive results indicated by these researches have encouraged the implementation of such policies and strategies to fight cervical cancer: the governments of many nation states have already started vaccinating school girls who are yet to achieve puberty (Navarro-Illana, Aznar and Dez-Domingo). Now is the right time to conduct researches on the effects of such vaccination on the health of the population who have already been vaccinated: the results obtained through such studies should be helpful in evaluating those strategies and policies that are being taken towards fighting against cervical cancer (van der Burg and Melief). The research hypothesis The various research papers reviewed in this research have focused on the development of vaccines against the human papilloma virus which causes cervical cancer of the female population. As mentioned previously in the paper, most of the researches that have been conducted indicate that the process of vaccination has positive effects on the chances of being affected by cervical cancer (Watanabe et al.). However, as the research domain is comparatively new, there exists almost no literature that emphasizes on the other effects of this vaccination. As most vaccine processes involve the process of generating acquired immunity by the process of exposure to weaker stain of the virus, chances always exists that such exposure or the vaccination process itself might cause some unwanted effects on the person who is being put under the vaccination program. Hypothetically, the chances of such unwanted effects are always 100 percent in any vaccination process. Since, cervical cancer vaccinations can be considered as the latest development in cancer studies which have started being implemented, the current scenario regarding its side effects is still unknown to us and thus requires thorough investigation. A description of the experiment The experiment is aimed at finding out the unwanted side effects of vaccination against human papilloma virus require utmost care and supervision. Ideally, the following conditions should be satisfied by the experiment to reveal the true nature of the side effects of this vaccination process: To conduct the research, a sample size of at least 200 to 250 subjects who had been previously vaccinated. The subjects chosen should be from different age groups: this is because although the vaccination process has to be completed before the female population reach the age for puberty, the symptoms of cervical cancer are not noticed before they reach the child bearing ages. To be very specific, the maximum of the cervical cancer cases which are reported to the physicians indicate that disease occurs mainly in middle aged female population. Thus, the experiment should take into account the unwanted side effects of the vaccination process that might occur throughout the life span of the subjects who have been vaccinated. The time span of the experiment should be equally long: the subjects being considered should be closely monitored for a continuous period of 1 year approximately, just after the vaccination process, to find out any immediate side effects of the procedure. After that, regular health checkups should be conducted in each 6 months and the data generated during the checkups should be analyzed to find out the ill effects, if any, of the process of vaccination against human papilloma virus on the health of subjects who have been vaccinated. The steps that should be followed in the experiment are: Vaccination of the subject. Close and continued health monitoring of the subjects for 1 year. Analysis of the data found during the first year of the experiment. After the first year of the experimental process, the target group should be subjected to health checkups in each 6 months. Analysis of the data found in this stage so as to approach the ultimate goal of the experiment. The last two steps should be continued for at least 8 to 10 years to gather a clear picture of the situation. Reflection and conclusion The research conducted while preparing this assignment has helped me to gain a very clear insight about the current status in cancer research studies. The various information gathered during this assignment will be helpful toward the conduction of new research projects in future. The project proposal that has been presented in this report is based on the insight that has been gathered from considering the research project that has been analyzed in the first section of this paper. References Bomprezzi, R., and B. Wildemann. 'Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Vaccination Against Human Papilloma VIRUS'.Neurology10 (2010): 864-865. Web. C Reina, Julio, and Nubia Muoz. 'Vaccine Against Human Papilloma Virus'.Colombia Mdica3 (2014): n. pag. Print. Kang, Hee Sun et al. 'Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Perceptions Of Young Korean Women'.Journal of Advanced Nursing(2010): no-no. Web. Natan, Merav Ben et al. 'Attitude Of Israeli Mothers With Vaccination Of Their Daughters Against Human Papilloma Virus'.Journal of Pediatric Nursing1 (2011): 70-77. Web. Navarro-Illana, Pedro, Justo Aznar, and Javier Dez-Domingo. 'Ethical Considerations Of Universal Vaccination Against Human Papilloma Virus'.BMC Medical Ethics1 (2014): 29. Web. van der Burg, Sjoerd H, and Cornelis JM Melief. 'Therapeutic Vaccination Against Human Papilloma Virus Induced Malignancies'.Current Opinion in Immunology2 (2011): 252-257. Web. Watanabe, Toru et al. 'KikuchiFujimoto Disease Following Vaccination Against Human Papilloma Virus Infection And Japanese Encephalitis'.European Journal of Pediatrics9 (2012): 1409-1411. Web.

Language Design for Mobile Application-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write an Essay on Concept Language Design for Mobile Application. Answer: Programming language is the basic building block of software development, be it for computer, laptop, tab or mobile phone. Many types of programming language have been created since the creation of Plankalkul in the 1940s. Each programming language has some good features as well as drawbacks. No programming language exists that is equipped with all the best features required to develop a program (Joorabchi, Mesbah Kruchten, 2013). Some languages support single platform development like in Windows, Android, MACOS, iOS and such whereas there are others like Java, Python, Dot Net and such that can be used to develop applications in multiple platform environment. A programming language needs to maintain certain parameters that will help a program developer to successfully develop and implement a program for any platform (Amatya Kurti, 2014). These parameters are as follows: Simplicity Orthogonality Data Types Syntax Design Support for Abstraction Expressivity Type Checking Exception Handling Restricted Aliasing The essay will provide detailed specifications for the features mentioned above that will be incorporated within a concept programming language design that can be used for the development of mobile application (McWherter Gowell, 2012). A programming language used for the development of mobile applications is expected to perform functionalities like Ability to work efficiently and in an event-driven manner Efficient in reducing battery usage of mobile device Supports graphical user interfaces comprehensively Ability to construct actual problems using customised data types Capable of using multimedia like watching videos, listening to music, playing games and such Provide the ability to send or receive data from other devices or from a server (Danado Paterno, 2012). A good programming language should have the following attributes: Unity, Clarity and Simplicity framework is provided for the thinking as well as expressing of algorithms Orthogonality has meaning for every combination of features Originality for the Application the framework of the program projects the logical structure of the algorithm Support for abstraction the data of the program projects resolution of problem Verification of program with ease verification of proper functionality of a program is determined Environment of Programming language gets external support Program portability ease of moving the program from the device where it is developed to other devices Cost of use execution, translation, creation and maintenance of program (Vaupel et al., 2014). The parameters of a programming language mentioned above are affected by the characteristics Readability, Writability and Reliability. (Source: "Design Criteria for Programming Languages", 2017) Writability This characteristic provides expressivity in a language. The writability of the language should be clear, brief, quick and accurate. This characteristic measures the ease with which a language can be used to develop programs for a chosen problem domain (Marcotty Ledgard, 2012). Readability The characteristic of readability ensures that the algorithm or nature of computation of the language is understood by its reader even if the reader is not a programmer (Teufel, 2012). Reliability This characteristic determines that the program is reliable that is, it does not show unexpected behaviour at any point of time (Fernandez, 2014). The specifications of the parameters of the programming language are as discussed below: Simplicity :- The simplicity of the programming language is dependent on the following aspects Quantity of basic features the simplicity of the program will depend on the number of basic features that is present in the program. The more basic features are there in the program the more hard the readability of the program will become. This is because the reader may have knowledge of a different subset of language than the programmer. Even very less amount of the features can hamper the readability of the program as an apparent single operation may require several instructions to encode ("Notes on Chapter 1 of Sebesta's "Programming Languages"", 2017). Multiplicity of features The program and its features will offer several options to perform the same operation (Hsu, Chater Vitanyi, 2013). For example: looping constructs (while, do while, for) Operator overloading wise use can help in the readability of the program but can hamper readability if used without consideration. For example, by using plus (+) symbol as a comparison operator, the overloading of operator is possible (Hsu, Chater Vitanyi, 2013). The concept programming language need to have these aspects in order to attain simplicity. Orthogonality :- In the language of programming, orthogonality signifies a set of features or constructs that can be used independently in any combination with each other. Orthogonality of a program is less if Certain combinations are prohibited as exceptions or a particular combination is not meaningful in relation to the meanings of its component parts (Gabriel, 2012). The concept programming language need to be orthogonal and for that to happen less amount of combinations should be present in the program features that are prohibited as exceptions. In addition, each combination should have relevance in relation to its component parts (Gabriel, 2012). An illustration of non-orthogonality in C language is provided to clarify the importance of orthogonality in the proposed conceptual programming language: A function can return a value of any type except an array type or a function type. An array is able to store values of any type, excluding void or a function type. Parameters to functions are passed by value excluding arrays, which are passed by reference. In the expression a+b, the meaning of b is dependent on the possibility of a being a pointer type or not (Gabriel, 2012). It is evident from the example provided above that non-orthogonality is not a good option for a programming language as it creates many issues. However, the presence of extreme orthogonality in a programming language creates issues for the readers. It is seen that if the quantity of special rules or exception to rules is reduced, the language becomes easier to learn, describe and implement (Gabriel, 2012). However, a programming language where the principle of orthogonality is applied strictly may have conceptual obscurity when a certain rule is applied to a context that has unusual combination. Therefore, this proves that the conceptual language should have flexible orthogonality principle to have efficient readability for the readers (Gabriel, 2012). Data Types :- Readability of a language improves with the adequate facilitation for defining data types and structures. For example, the FORTRAN language in its early stage lacked record construct. Therefore, the fields of an object failed to encapsulate within a single structure (Gries, 2012). The language should have adequate intrinsic data types as well. For example, the initial versions of C programming language had no Boolean type that forced a programmer to use int to represent true/false where zero is considered false and everything else is taken as true (Gries, 2012). Therefore, flag = 1 is used to set flag to true. Syntax Design :- A syntax design is generally a format that a programmer maintains while coding on a programming language. Every programming language has a different set of syntax design that is required to be maintained strictly for the code to be executed properly in that particular language. To create a syntax design for the conceptual programming language, certain norms are required to be maintained (Stefik Siebert 2013). Identifier forms the Identifier forms should be less restrictive on length unlike BASIC and FORTRAN 77. In COBOL, dashes were included to identifiers that were often mistaken with the subtraction operator. Special Words Some words carry special meaning within a program such as class, while, end, if and such. The syntax design of a language decides whether these special words are stored for serving special purpose within the language or can be used as names of variables and subprograms as well (Stefik Siebert 2013). The order of signalling the beginning or end of a compound statement such as a loop affects the readability of the programming language. Form and meaning The form ideally defines the semantics of a syntactic construct. For this to happen it is necessary to choose the special words wisely. For example, it is better to use if instead of glorp. It is beneficial if the meaning of a syntactic form coincides with all the contexts, rather than having different meanings in different contexts (Stefik Siebert, 2013). Support for Abstraction :- The process allows a programmer to define and deploy complex operations in such a way so that the details of implementation can be ignored. It is a vital aspect in the process of modern language designing. Data Abstraction and Procedural Abstraction are the two examples of the parameter (Meyer Weske, 2012). Expressivity :- The expressivity of a programming language is improved due to the presence of strong operators in the language that helps programmers to achieve the operation of the program developed by them while writing fewer codes. APL is a typical example of expressivity, which is inclusive of many strong operators that are dependent on a large character set (Nelson, Guha, Dougherty, Fisler Krishnamurthi, 2013). It is generally seen that assembly or machine languages do not possess expressivity where each operation does something relatively simple. This is the reason why a single instruction in a high-level language can be translated into many instructions in an assembly language. Those languages that are functional languages are considered to be extremely expressive as the functions are first-class entities (Nelson et al., 2013). Type Checking :- A programming language should have type checking, which means that it should have the capability to test for typing errors during the time of compilation and execution. The type checking process is better to be implemented at the time of compilation rather than during execution of a program. This is because, the process of type checking at the time of a program execution requires high runtime and it is less complex and less expensive to detect and repair such errors at the earlier phase of the program (Kastner, Apel, Thum Saake, 2012). An example can be cited in evidence of the theory mentioned above. In Java, the rule of type checking during compilation is very strict due to which the only type errors that occur during running time is caused due to explicit type casting by the programmer or from a wrong input (Kastner et al., 2012). Exception Handling:- It is the process of response that is provided at the time of occurrence of unusual or exceptional conditions that requires special processing. The process of exception handling often results in changing of the normal procedure of program execution. It is a powerful mechanism of handling the runtime errors to maintain the normal execution of an application (Sawadpong, Allen Williams, 2012). For example, suppose a programmer attempts to execute a program developed on a certain programming language that has ten statements. An exception occurrs in statement 4. In normal situation the rest of the statements from statement 1 to statement 3 and from statement 5 to statement 10 will also fail to execute. However, using exception handling will ensure that the rest of the statements are executed barring statement 4 (Sawadpong, Allen Williams, 2012). This enables normality in the flow of the application. Therefore, exception handling is an important parameter that is required to be implemented in the conceptual programming language that will ensure a steady flow in the execution of a mobile application even if any exception occurs during runtime (Sawadpong, Allen Williams, 2012). The following figure shows a flowchart on the exception handling in a programming language Figure 1: Method of Exception Handling (Source: Sawadpong, Allen Williams, 2012) Restricted Aliasing :- Aliasing is a process that refers to two or more distinctly different names that address the same memory cell at the same instance. This process creates many issues at the time of compilation. Restricted Aliasing is a rule that is formulated to resolve this issue. The role of a restricted aliasing is to confirm the compiler that a pointer to something is not aliased to the restrict qualifier keyword. In certain situations a compiler expects that an alias will occur in which instance the restricted aliasing protocol confirms the compiler about the above-mentioned situation ("Strict Aliasing", 2017). For example, in the statement provided below confirmation is given to the compiler that i1 and i2 will never point at the same memory location ("Strict Aliasing", 2017). void foo(int * restrict i1, int * restrict i2); The essay concludes with the fact that to design a conceptual programming language that can be used in the problem domain of mobile application development, it is necessary to implement the characteristics mentioned above wisely in the right forma References Amatya, S. . (2014). Cross-platform mobile development: challenges and opportunities. In ICT Innovations , 219-229. Danado, J. . (2012). Puzzle: a visual-based environment for end user development in touch-based mobile phones. Human-centered software engineering , 199-216. Design Criteria for Programming Languages. (2017). Retrieved August 28, 2017, from Jcsites.juniata.edu: https://jcsites.juniata.edu/faculty/rhodes/lt/plcriteria.htm Fernndez, M. (2014). Programming languages and operational semantics: a concise overview. Springer . Gabriel, R. P. (2012, October). The structure of a programming language revolution. In Proceedings of the ACM international symposium on New ideas, new paradigms, and reflections on programming and software. ACM , 195-214. Gries, D. (. (2012). Programming methodology: a collection of articles by members of IFIP WG2. 3. Springer Science Business Media . Hsu, A. S. (2013). Language Learning From Positive Evidence, Reconsidered: A Simplicity?Based Approach. Topics in cognitive science , 5 (1), 35-55. Joorabchi, M. E. (2013, October). Real challenges in mobile app development. In Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, 2013 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on. IEEE , 15-24. Kstner, C. A. (2012). Type checking annotation-based product lines. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) , 21 (3), 14. Marcotty, M. . (2012). The world of programming languages. Springer Science Business Media . McWherter, J. . (2012). Professional mobile application development. John Wiley Sons . Meyer, A. . (2012). Data support in process model abstraction. Conceptual Modeling , 292-306. Nelson, T. G. (2013, August). A balance of power: Expressive, analyzable controller programming. In Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Hot topics in software defined networking. ACM , 79-84. Notes on Chapter 1 of Sebesta's "Programming Languages". (2017). Retrieved August 28, 2017, from Cs.scranton.edu: https://www.cs.scranton.edu/~mccloske/courses/cmps344/sebesta_chap1.html Sawadpong, P. A. (2012, October). Exception handling defects: An empirical study. In High-Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE), 2012 IEEE 14th International Symposium on. IEEE , 90-97. Stefik, A. . (2013). An empirical investigation into programming language syntax. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE) , 13 (4), 19. Strict Aliasing. (2017). Retrieved August 28, 2017, from Dbp-consulting.com: https://dbp-consulting.com/tutorials/StrictAliasing.html Teufel, B. (2012). Organization of programming languages. Springer Science Business Media . Vaupel, S. T. (n.d.). Model-driven development of mobile applications allowing role-driven variants. In International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems , 1-17.

50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products

50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products 50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products 50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products By Mark Nichol Expressions that figuratively to livestock and other animals and animal products abound in English idiom. Here are many such morsels. 1–2. To â€Å"bring home the bacon† is to earn money at a job, but to â€Å"save (someone’s) bacon† is to help or rescue someone when they are in trouble or risking failure. 3–5. To â€Å"beef about (someone)† is to complain or criticize, but â€Å"have a beef† with someone is to hold a grudge, while to â€Å"beef up† something is to strengthen it. 6. â€Å"Where’s the beef?† is a challenge or claim indicating that an idea is without sufficient substance. 7–8. A â€Å"chicken† is a fearful person, and to â€Å"chicken out† is to opt, out of fear, not to do something. 9. A â€Å"chicken-and-egg argument† is a circuitous one. 10–12. â€Å"Chicken feed† is an insubstantial amount of money, and â€Å"chicken scratch† is illegible writing, while to â€Å"play chicken† is to engage in a standoff to determine who will back down first. 13. To say that â€Å"the chickens have come home to roost† means that consequences are imminent. 14. The exhortation â€Å"Don’t count your chickens before they’re hatched† cautions one not to act as if a hoped-for outcome has already occurred. 15. One who is â€Å"no spring chicken† is not young anymore. 16. To â€Å"run around like a headless chicken† (or â€Å"like a chicken with its head cut off†) is to panic or worry aimlessly. 17–19. To have â€Å"bigger fish to fry† is to have more important things to do, but a â€Å"fine kettle of fish† is an unfortunate situation, while â€Å"a different kettle of fish† suggests something is unrelated to the topic 20–21. To â€Å"make hamburger† or â€Å"make mincemeat† of someone or something is to defeat or destroy the person or the thing. 22. To be a â€Å"meat-and-potatoes† person is to like simple things. 23. A â€Å"meat market† is a venue people frequent to seek sex partners. 24. Something that is â€Å"meat and drink† to someone is a skill or pastime that they enjoy and that is very easy for them. 25. One who is â€Å"dead meat† is a target for harm or punishment. 26. To say that â€Å"one man’s meat is another man’s poison† is to say that what one person may like, another may dislike. 27. The â€Å"meat of the matter† is the essence of an issue or problem. 28. Something that is â€Å"pork barrel† is a government spending project cynically designed to garner support. 29. To â€Å"pork out† is to eat too much. 30. To stop â€Å"cold turkey† is to do so abruptly. 31. To â€Å"butter (someone) up† is to flatter that person. 32. To say that â€Å"butter wouldn’t melt in (one’s) mouth† is to imply that they are feigning innocence by looking calm and cool. 33. To â€Å"cheese (someone) off† is to anger or disgust someone. 34. A â€Å"big cheese† is a leader or somewhat important (sometimes jocularly rendered in French: le grande fromage). 35. To â€Å"cut the cheese† is vulgar slang meaning â€Å"produce flatulence.† 36. â€Å"Say, ‘Cheese!’† is an exhortation to smile for a photograph. 37–38. The â€Å"cream of the crop† is the best in its class; the â€Å"crà ¨me de la crà ¨me† is the best of the best. 39–40. A â€Å"good egg† is a good person, and a â€Å"bad egg† is a bad person. 41–45. To â€Å"put all (one’s) eggs in one basket† is to risk everything at once, but to â€Å"lay an egg† is to perform poorly, and to have â€Å"egg on (one’s) face† is to be left embarrassed or humiliated, while to â€Å"egg (someone) on† is to goad someone to something that is generally ill advised. A â€Å"nest egg† is a savings fund. 46. To say that one â€Å"can’t make an omelette without breaking some (or the) eggs† means that nothing can be accomplished without some difficulty. 47. To â€Å"cry over spilled milk† is to dwell over something that cannot be undone. 48. To be â€Å"full of the milk of human kindness† is to generously display kindness and/or sympathy. 49–50. To â€Å"milk (someone) for (something)† is to pressure the person, but to â€Å"milk (something) for all it’s worth† is to exploit something to the greatest extent possible. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"How to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksPreposition Review #1: Chance of vs. Chance for

Anti-Federalist Argument essays

Anti-Federalist Argument essays We beat the odds and won a war to gain finally gain control of our land. The formation of our government is now our job as an independent country. Many leaders of our new nation feel its necessary to rush into forming a document to serve as the backbone of our nation. I feel that our government is too young and inexperienced to form a reliable set of laws. Rushing into things would cause things to be overlooked and forgotten. Also if our government were to make such laws without the consent of the people it would be going against everything our country stands for. I believe a poor constitution would fail to preserve the rights and powers of citizens, represent the people in government, grant the states certain rights, establish liberties for men, limit the governments powers and have the ability to change throughout time. The constitution says the government will hold all major powers and it is not up to the citizen to change the countrys method of establishing courts, vote on taxes or decide how to spend funding. The government is too large. All men have unalienable rights and in this new country of ours a simple document shouldnt outline what a citizen can and cannot do. I believe that in this new constitution citizens will not have adequate representation. For example, you cannot a select few people to represent a large state and look out for the best interest of everyone. The representative needs to come from the same background of the people they are representing, understand the citizens beliefs and concerns, but should be well educated enough to know what's possible and best for his people. I believe more middle class representatives would be appropriate because of the fact that they are down to earth and realize what the general public wants/needs. I think the only way to fix the problem of misrepresentation would be to have enough representatives that correspond with the numerous social classes and different t...

Conflict between the Governments Macroeconomic Objectives Essay

Conflict between the Governments Macroeconomic Objectives - Essay Example Increase in Inflation rate which is defined as the regular rise in prices. To have stability in prices, the inflation rate should be zero. Having zero inflation rate is hard to achieve and also undesirable for an economy. A basic objective of the government to keep the inflation rate low and keep it in that level for a prolonged period of time (Munasinghe, 1996). In this regard, internal balance is aimed which is full employment with zero rates of inflation. Technically, it is measured as the annual rate of change of the Retail Price Index (RPI).Full employmentFull employment is achieved when all the human recourse which are capable of work and willing to work in an economy are fully employed in different sectors. Though this is really not achievable that’s what frictional and structural unemployment is considered to be present at the same time.High and sustainable economic growth: A high economic growth is achieved by allowing an increase in the living standards.In this regar d, the no structural and environmental difficulties should be present to hinder the growth in the economy. Economic growth tends to be measured in terms of the rate of change of real GDP (Gross Domestic Product).Equilibrium in the balance of paymentsThe aim is to bring balance in the payment with the use of any artificial constraint: the goal is to achieve balance in exports and imports in long run. The deficit of payments should be balanced by the surplus in other payments to achieve the complete balance.